新型气氡仪三种常用校准方法的差异性比测分析

为保证气氡测量结果准确性和可靠性，需对测氡仪器进行定期校准。应用目前我国地震系统内常用的三种校准方法：标准仪器校准法、RN-FD循环式氡气源校准法及固体氡气源校准法，对入网新型气氡仪进行校准方法比测。得出结果认为：循环式常压取源方式更接近新型数字化氡观测仪器的正常工作方式；标准仪器校准法是目前正在使用的几种校准方法中系统误差最小、校准效率最高、维护成本最低的方法；RN-FD循环式氡气源校准法和固体氡气源校准法均为标准物质传递方法，该方法存在诸多困难及不便(如放射性固体源运输、人员技术及环保监管等)影响仪器校准的及时性。通过分析这三种校准方法在原理、使用操作方法等方面的差异，讨论它们对校准结果准确度的影响，为新型仪器的校准操作规程(规范)的编写及实施提供参考。

Comparison and analysis of three common calibrationmethods for the novel radon detector

Regularly conducting calibration on the detectors is necessary to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results from radon detectors. Three commonly used calibration methods are currently available for radon detectors in China: the standard instrument calibration method, RN-FD circular radon source calibration method, and solid radon source calibration method. These three methods were used in this paper to calibrate a novel radon detector. Results show that the RN-FD circular radon source calibration method is superior, which is consistent with the normal operating mode of the novel radon detector. Among the three methods, the standard instrument calibration method has the lowest system error, highest calibrating efficiency, and lowest maintenance cost. The RN-FD circular and the solid radon source calibration methods are both standard material transfer methods, which encounter several difficulties and inconveniences affecting the timeliness of instrument calibration, such as the transportation of solid radioactive sources, personnel and technology, and supervision of environmental protection. The differences between the three calibration methods in principle and operation are finally analyzed, and the influence of these differences on the accuracy of calibration results is discussed. The study can provide a reference for the compilation and implementation of the calibration operation procedure (standard) of the novel instrument.