早白垩世蹄盖蕨研究

现生蹄盖蕨（ＡｔｈｙｒｉｕｍＲｏｔｈ）为一大属，约有２００种，主要产于世界温带和亚热带的高山林下，我国有１００余种，以西南高山为分布中心，华北和东北地区也有分布，但不产于热带和亚热带平原地区。中国东北及内蒙早白垩世含煤地层产ＡｔｈｙｒｉｕｍｏｒｅｔａｃｅｕｍＣｈｅｎｅｔＭｅｎｇ，Ａ．ｆｕｘｉｎｅｎｓｅＣｈｅｎｅｔＭｅｎｇ，Ａ．ｈｕｌｕｎｉａｎｕｍＣｈｅｎ，ＲｅｎｅｔＤｅｎｇ，Ａ．ｈａｉｌａｅｒｉａｎｕｍＤｅｎｇｅｔＣｈｅｎ和Ａ．ａｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｉｃｕｍ（Ｍｅｎｇ）Ｄｅｎｇ等５种，该地区很可能为蹄盖蕨的起源中心。起源时间可能为早白垩世。该地区早白垩世地处西伯利亚—加拿大植物区系，气候属温暖潮湿的温带或暧温带，蹄盖蕨与其他真蕨植物繁盛于沼泽边缘的林下。

STUDIES ON EARLY CRETACEOUS ATHYRIUM ROTH

The living Athyrium Roth is a large genus of about 200 species which distribute in the temperate zone and the mountain woodlands in the subtropics on the world. About 100 species live in China which have a centre of distribution in mountain woodlands of South western China. There are 5 species i. e. Athyrium cretaceum, A. fuxinense, A. hailaerianum, A. hulunianum, and A. asymmetricum described from coal bearing strata of early Cretaceous period, Northeastern China. The Early Cretaceous flora of the area where the Athyrium and other ferns lived belongs to the Siberian Canadian Palaeobotanic province, with a warm and humid climate. The discovery of these fossils in the Early Cretaceous, Northeastern China and the distribution of the Mesozoic despersed monolete spores that were mostly limited in the Early Cretaceous, north of China and Siberia probably indicate that north of North China or Northeast China is the origin centre of Athyrium and it possibly origined in the Early Cretaceous.