山地小城市避震疏散通道通行能力评估及选择研究——以昆明东川城区为例

安全快速的避震疏散通道是新时代背景下提高城市抗灾韧性水平的基础保障，灾时充分发挥避震疏散通道的可靠性和时效性将减轻城市人员伤亡。选取山地小城市昆明东川城区为研究区域，通过系统分析避震疏散通道影响因素，对灾后避震疏散通道的通行能力进行评估，基于ArcGIS建立人口集聚点与避震疏散场所（OD）的归属关系，并在此基础上通过遗传算法进行多条避震疏散通道选择研究，为城市抗震防灾规划提供参考。结果表明：东川城区震后不满足疏散要求的通道主要为城市周边的乡村内部道路及部分老城区道路；避震疏散场所存在服务盲区，新城部分小区缺乏疏散通道与避震疏散场所相连接；部分选择的路径虽满足灾时避震疏散要求，但耗时较长，灾时应优先考虑OD之间的最短路径。

Traffic capacity assessment and selection of earthquakeevacuation routes in small mountainous cities: a case study of Dongchuan urban area

Safe and short seismic evacuation route is an basic guarantee for improving the level of urban resilience governance in the new era. Earthquake evacuation routes during disasters could reduce urban casualties and provide options of emergency evacuation for urban residents. Dongchuan District in Kunming, a small mountainous city, is affected by the Xiaojiang earthquake fault zone, resulting in frequent earthquake disasters, and the urban earthquake fortification intensity is as high as 9 degrees. In this paper, the influencing factors of post-disaster seismic evacuation routes in Dongchuan urban area were systematically analyzed, and the traffic capacity of evacuation routes were evaluated. The relationship between population concentration point and seismic shelter for evacuation was established based on ArcGIS. Then, the selection of multiple seismic evacuation routes was studied with the genetic algorithm. The results showed that many rural internal roads around the city and old urban roads in Dongchuan urban area do not meet the post-earthquake evacuation requirements. There are some service blind spots in the seismic shelters for evacuation, and some communities are lack of evacuation routes to connect with the seismic shelter for evacuation. Some selected paths which meet the evacuation requirements will take a long time. In case of disaster, the shortest path shall be given priority.