基于微粒群算法对城乡应急避难场所规划的研究

地震是具有毁坏性的自然灾害,对于震后严重受损的地区,设计合理的应急避难场所是非常必要的,为此提出基于微粒群算法对城乡应急避难场所规划的研究。将退火算法的微粒群理论与城乡地区应急避难场所规划相结合,在约束条件较多的情况下,将应急避难场所视为一个粒子,对应急避难场所规划创建目标函数,从而实现对城乡住区应急避难场所的规模规划设计;其次设计应急场所的内容与位置模型,集合城乡需求点布局的影响因素,修建不同的应急场所设施点,并以覆盖全部需求点为目标,实现应急避难场所的整体规划。通过仿真实验证明,所提微粒群算法具有较好的规划效率,可保证规划后的城乡住区在受到地震侵害后,受灾人群有即时的可避难场所,为人们的震后生活提供帮助。

Planning of Urban and Rural Emergency SheltersBased on Particle Swarm Algorithm

Earthquakes are devastating natural disasters that necessitate the design of reasonable emergency shelters for areas likely to be severely damaged by earthquake. In this paper, we describe our use of a particle swarm optimization algorithm to study urban and rural emergency shelter planning. We combined the particle swarm optimization theory of the annealing algorithm with the planning of emergency shelters in urban and rural residential areas. In the case of many constraints, the emergency shelter is regarded as a particle, and the objective function is to plan emergency shelters, i.e., the scale planning and design of emergency shelters in urban and rural residential areas. Next, we designed a model of the content and location of the emergency sites, and identified the factors influencing the layout of urban and rural demand points. We then built different emergency shelter facility points. On this basis, we achieved the overall planning of emergency shelters that provided coverage of all the demand points. The simulation results show that the proposed particle swarm algorithm has a good planning efficiency and can ensure that after urban and rural residential areas are damaged by earthquake, victims will have access to immediate shelter.