海水入侵研究现状与展望

文中讨论了海水入侵的研究进展：海岸带海水入侵界面或过渡带的模拟，海岛地下淡水透镜体的动力学研究，井孔在界面或过渡带上部抽水所引起的升锥问题以及岸边地下水位动态研究及海平面变化对海水入侵的影响。海水入侵研究经历了从理想假定到合理概化，从室内实验模型、理想模型到数值模型这一过程。数值方法已成为模拟和求解海水入侵问题的最有力工具，海水入侵的过渡带模型成为主要的研究方向。分析了研究中存在的困难，展望了海水入侵研究的未来趋势：边界条件确定，水文地质参数选取，含水层结构估计，海水入侵输运与化学作用的耦合以及海水入侵预报。

THE DEVELOPMENT AND TREND IN RESEARCHES OF SALTWATER INTRUSION

Recent studies of saltwater intrusion are discussed in four aspects: salt-waterintrusion in seaside aquifers, groundwater lens dynamics of islands, saltwater upconing inan aquifer, groudwater regime in seaside aquifers and interface or transition zone movingaffected by sea level fluctuations. Saltwater intrusion study method has been developedfrom ideal hypothesis to equitable outline. from laboratory method, theoretical method tonumerical method. Numerical simulation will become the main method of study. The saltwater-freshwater transition zone model will be an major research target. The difficulties inresearch works have been analysed. The trend of saltwater intrusion study will concentrate on five aspects ; boundary condition determination, hydrogeological parameter selection, estimation of spatial variability of aquifer structure, coupling of transition zone tranport and chemical reaction. and forecast of saltwater intrusion.