油藏地球化学原理及其在油气勘探与油藏评价中的应用

综合评述了近年来油藏地球化学基础研究方面的主要进展,包括油气藏内流体非均质性成因、烃充注成藏及混合作用模式、储层内流体与岩石相互作用、油藏内烃的地球化学变化等,阐述了烃族群划分及其地球化学意义。结合实例介绍了油藏地球化学在油气勘探、油藏评价与油田生产管理中的主要应用领域与研究现状。在油气勘探领域的应用主要包括烃运移方向的地球化学研究、烃成藏时间及期次的确定、古油水界面的判别等;在油藏评价和油田生产管理方面的应用主要有油藏流体的连通性和分隔性研究、混合开采油藏单层产能贡献研究以及油、水、干层的地球化学识别等。

The Principles of Reservoir Geochemistry and Its Applications in Petroleum Exploration and Reservoir Appraisal

Reservoir geochemistry has become an important branch in geochemistry since the middle of 1980's and plays an important role in basic research and oil and gas exploration and development. Basic principles of reservoir geochemistry are summarized, including origin of fluid heterogeneity, models for hydrocarbon charging and emplacement, fluid-rock interaction, and geochemical alteration of hydrocarbon in reservoir. The hydrocarbon population classification and its geochemical significance are introduced. Some cases about the application fields of reservoir geochemistry in oil and gas exploration, reservoir evaluation and oilfield production and management are also introduced. Applications of reservoir geochemistry to field exploration mainly cover geochemical study for migration, time for reservoir forming, and recognition of paleo-oil/water contacts, etc. Applications to reservoir evaluation and oilfield production and management mainly include geochemical estimation of fluid connectivity and compartment in reservoir, productivity contribution of single horizon in multiple horizons exploitation, and geochemical methods for distinguishing oil, water and dry layers, etc.