贝藻混养对大西洋鲑养殖废水的生物滤除

养殖废水的综合利用与无公害化处理排放是实现水产养殖业健康可持续发展的重要保障。作者采用太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)及龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)混养和单养的方式处理大西洋鲑工业化循环水养殖系统排放的废水,设置贝类组、藻类组、贝藻组3组处理,探讨了贝藻混养方式和贝类、藻类单养对废水中主要水质因子(N、P营养盐、化学需氧量(COD)和总悬浮颗粒物(TSS))的处理效率,实验周期为30 d。结果表明,牡蛎和龙须菜混养的方式处理养殖废水效果较好,其对氮、磷营养盐、COD及TSS的去除效率分别为:总氨态氮41.67%±8.82%、硝酸盐氮33.96%±0.34%、总磷7.18%±0.03%、COD 78.87%±1.82%和TSS 70.50%±1.65%,而亚硝酸盐氮出现一定的积累。综合分析,牡蛎和龙须菜混养的方式处理养殖废水的效率优于牡蛎和龙须菜的单独处理。

Biological purification of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) wastewater with the polyculture of Bivalves and Macroalgae

The comprehensive utilization and non-harmful treatment of aquacultural wastewater are important to guarantee healthy and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. In this study, the effects of the polyculture of Crassostrea gigas and Gracilaria lemaneiformis in processing Atlantic salmon wastewater and recirculating aquaculture systems was observed over 30 days, and the removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended particulate matter (TSS) were observed over 30 days. Results show that nutrients, COD, and TSS removal rates by the polyculture of C. gigas and Gracilaria were as follows: 41.67%±8.82% TAN, 33.96%±0.34% NO3-N, 7.18%±0.03% phosphate, 78.87%±1.82% COD, and 70.50%±1.65% TSS. However, there was a tendency for NO^-₂-N to accumulate to a certain extent. In conclusion, the polyculture of C. gigas and Gracilaria delivered a superior treatment effect than that of C. gigas and Gracilaria separately.