地层信息系统中的地质实体与数据类型

结合地质实体概念厘清数据类型及其特征对地层信息系统的发展有重要意义。地层信息系统数据可以归类为属性数据、几何数据、关系数据、元数据4类，地层信息中的地质实体可分为基础地质实体和地质实体要素，进一步把地质实体要素分为关联要素和非关联要素。文中分析了矿体、风化分界面、断层、褶皱、不整合面、滑坡体的几何属性。区分观测者位置、数据采集点和数据本身空间属性，数据获取方法可分为地表调查、钻入调查、岩层透视调查、岩层非透视调查，并分析了原始数据与地质实体的对应关系。

On geological entities and data types of strata information system

It is necessary to clarify the data types of strata information system and their features based on the concept of the geological entity. The data of strata information system are summed to 4 categories, namely the attribute data, geometric data, relation data, metadata. Geological entities are divided to basic geological entities and geological entity elements; and the latter are further divided to connection elements and non-connection elements. The geometric properties of ore bodies, weathering interfaces, faults, folds, unconformity planes and sliding bodies are analyzed. With the difference between locations of the observer, data gathering and data corresponding to considered, the concepts of surface survey, driving-in survey, stratum perspective survey and stratum non-perspective survey are proposed as a classification of geological investigation methods; and the corresponding relationships between raw data and geological entities are analyzed.