Distribution of fluoride in groundwater of Maku area, northwest of Iran |
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Authors: | Asghar Asghari Moghaddam Elham Fijani |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran |
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Abstract: | High fluoride groundwater occurs in Maku area, in the north of West Azarbaijan province, northwest of Iran. Groundwater is
the main source of drinking water for the area residents. Groundwater samples were collected from 72 selected points including
40 basaltic and 32 nonbasaltic springs and wells, in two stages, during June and August 2006. The areas with high fluoride
concentrations have been identified, and the possible causes for its variation have been investigated. Regional hydrogeochemical
investigation indicates that water-rock interaction is probably the main reason for the high concentration of ions in groundwater.
The concentration of F− in groundwater is positively correlated with that of HCO3
− and Na+, indicating that groundwater with high HCO3
− and Na+ concentrations help to dissolve some fluoride-rich minerals. All of the water samples, collected from the basaltic areas
do not meet the water quality standards for fluoride concentration and some other parameters. Hence, it is not suitable for
consumption without any prior treatment. Inhabitants of the area that obtain their drinking water supplies from basaltic springs
and wells are suffering from dental fluorosis. The population of the study area is at a high risk due to excessive fluoride
intake especially when they are unaware of the amount of fluoride being ingested due to lack of awareness. |
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Keywords: | Basalt Fluoride Fluorosis Groundwater Maku Iran |
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