东日本地震在北京GNSS连续观测站E分量的反应

北京GNSS连续观测台网孔径较小,不同的建设和管理单位执行着不同的规范,城市人 为活动强烈引起较多干扰,给观测数据的使用提出了新要求。本文对北京GNSS连续观测台网 数据做了一些必要的处理,如原始数据的高水平解算,设备、超差、迁址的改正,逐站消除E 分量线性趋势变化等。在全部可用1：个连续站E分量上,日本9. 0级地震前呈下锯齿波异常 (缓慢西移）、临震阶跃回升（快速东移）、震后n形恢复,构成了一个完整的地震过程,这个过 程在以往的GNSS观测中很少见到,为进一步研究提供了一个很好的实例。尤其是临震快速东 移,他不受人为设定的正常值大小影响,具有明显的预报和预警作用。

Responses of the East Component of Beijing GNSS Continuous Stations to the 2011 Japan Mw9.0 Earthquake

While using the Beijing GNSS station network to monitor earthquake activity, some necessary processing must be carried out such as more accurate solution, corrections to the replacement of equipment, ultra poor and relocation, and elimination of the Ecomponent trends applying empirical algorithm. The E component of the 16 available stations showed a lower triangular w ave abnormality before the 2011 Tohoku Mw9.0 earthquake, a step change during the earthquake and a Q-shaped recovery after the earthquake. The whole steps constitute a complete seismic process that rarely seen in the past in the GNSS observations. It provided a perfect example for further study. Especially the step changes during the earthquake moves to the east rapidly, which will not be influenced by man- made normal values and may play a significant role in the earthquake forecasting and early warning.