中国省级行政区边界形状的GIS分析

本文借助GIS软件支持,计算了我国32个省的平面轮廓形状的分维、形状指数和紧凑度。结果表明,形状复杂(边缘复杂程度高,破碎度较大)的省(区)主要集中在东部及沿海地区;形状较紧凑的省(区)主要集中在西部地区,东部省与西部省的形状特征有较大差异。另探讨了各地区的地理气候环境和历史人文特征所致的主要原因,并初步分析了各特征对交通等组织的影响。

A GIS-based Analysis of the Shapes of Provincial Boundaries of China

The fractal dimensions,shape indices and compactness of the boundaries of 32 provinces(regions) of China have been calculated in this paper based on GIS software.The results show that the provinces with irregular shapes calculated with the method of fractal dimensions are provinces of Fujian,Zhejiang,Guangdong,Chongqing,Guizhou,etc.The provinces with regular shapes are in the order of Hainan,Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia,Tibet,Taiwan,Shanxi,etc.The provinces with large fractal dimensions are almost all located in southern China,which show obvious differences between the North and the South.The provinces with irregular shapes based on shape index come out as below: Hebei,Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Chongqing,Ningxia,and those with irregular shapes include Zhejiang,Guangxi,Hunan,Qinghai,Hainan and other provinces.Although no obvious differences can be shown the same as fractal results,yet some differences between the East and the West are identified.Those with irregular shapes based on compactness are in the order of Fujian,Gansu,Guangdong,Inner Mongolia,Chongqing,and other provinces with regular shapes are Shanghai,Xinjiang,Shanxi, Taiwan,Tibet and other provinces,which also show marked differences between the East and the West.Those with complex shapes(edge complex and greater fragmentation) are mostly concentrated in the eastern and coastal areas;and the other provinces with compact shapes are mainly concentrated in western regions,such as Xinjiang,Tibet,Qinghai.Between eastern provinces and western provinces,there are greater differences in the shape features.This paper studies the reasons and concludes that the root cause is the geographical and climate environment and historical human characteristics,and preliminarily analyzes the effects of the traffic,and other organizations impacted by the features.Meanwhile,the planar provincial outline can also reflect the transport connectivity and development level of inter-and intra-provinces.Quantitative study of the provincial space form is one of the important contents of research in regional geography and urban/regional planning.It is also an important direction of the regional research.