Hydrogeological and mixing process of waters in aquifers in arid regions: a case study in San Luis Potosi Valley,Mexico |
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Authors: | J A Ramos-Leal V J Martínez-Ruiz J R Rangel-Mendez M C Alfaro de la Torre |
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Institution: | (1) Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C. (IPICYT), C. Presa San Jose # 2055, Lomas 4a. Sección, San Luís Potosí, SLP, 78216, México;(2) Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, SLP, 78210, México |
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Abstract: | The climatic conditions of arid regions are characterized by high temperatures, low precipitation and high evapotranspiration
rates that can explain the reduced recharge of aquifers. Thus, in these regions, there are some problems related to the groundwater
quality and recharge that makes worse the problem of groundwater supply. A model, taking into account ternary mixtures, is
presented and applied to a case study: the aquifer of San Luis Potosi valley located in the highlands of the central part
of Mexico. In this valley, four hydrochemical facies were identified that correspond to the Ca–Na + K–HCO3, Na + K–Ca–HCO3, Ca–HCO3 and Ca–SO4 types. From this characterization, it was found out that the recharge area (known as Bledos Graben) is located at the SE
of the valley; the deep water flow comes from there (Villa de Reyes and Alvarez Range) to the center of the valley. Mixture
fractions were obtained by using chlorides and fluorides as conservative elements, from which it was possible to quantify
the contribution of each member to the groundwater quality. According to these results, the contributions to the water extracted
from this aquifer are as follows: shallow flows 50%, deep flows from Villa de Reyes 27%, and flows coming from the Alvarez
Ranges about 15%. |
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Keywords: | Hydrochemistry Mixing process End-member Groundwater |
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