湖泊最低生态水位计算方法研究

对湖泊最低生态水位计算的年保证率法、湖泊形态分析法、天然水位资料法、功能法、曲线相关法和最低年平均水位法6种计算方法进行了论述,并选用其中的3种方法应用于博斯腾湖,计算结果表明,不同计算方法得到的结果并不相同,据此对不同计算方法的适用范围和优缺点进行了比较分析。

Calculation methods of lowest ecological water level of lake

The lake plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance.A study on the lowest ecological water level of lake is significant in solving the ecological degeneration of lake in China.This paper analyzes six kinds of calculation methods of the lowest ecological water level of lake: the year guarantee setting method,the ecological function method,the lake morphology analytic approach,the natural water level method,the lowest mean annual water level method,the curvilinear correlation method.Taking the Bosten lake as an example,this paper evaluates its lowest ecological water level by the three methods,namely: the lake morphology analytic approach,the natural water level method and the curvilinear correlation method.The results show that the values of lowest ecological water level in Bosten lake is different and in the range of 1 046.35-1 047.41 m.Based in the results,application and characteristic of the methods are discussed.These methods have advantage and disadvantage respectively.Curvilinear correlation method can better reflect the correlation between the water volume and health circles of the lake;the lowest mean annual water level method and year guarantee setting method mainly consider the relation between water the function of water resource and quantity of water;the natural water level method put emphasis on long-term change of water level in natural condition;the basic idea of the lake morphology analytic approach is that the lake hydrological and topographical subsystem is basic segment of the lake ecosystem;the ecological function method mainly take the fish and ship and tour as index and meanwhile give attention to ecological and economy function.Because of the different ideal and emphases of these methods and the lake characteristic,the calculation of the lowest ecological level of the lake should be based on the characteristics of the lake and application arrange of these methods.