武汉市高层建筑岩土工程问题分析

武汉市是华中地区最大的城市,改革开放以来,兴建了许多高层建筑。高层建筑尤其是超高层建筑的主要特点是高度大、重心高、基底压力大及基础埋深大等。而武汉地区的地质条件又比较复杂,就第四纪地层而言,从最新沉积的各类软土如人工填土、淤泥类土、软塑状粘性土等,到全新世(Q4)沉积的各类砂土与卵砾石,直至晚更新世(Q3)及其以前沉积的老粘土均有分布。各类土层的厚度、深度及性质均变化较大。因此武汉地区高层建筑的岩土工程问题就显得复杂与多样,在众多复杂的岩土工程问题中,本文主要分析了比较突出的基础持力层与基础类型的确定,深基坑开挖中的边坡滑移、基坑涌水、流砂、突涌以及基坑防护等。通过对这些问题的分析,从中可以得出一些规律,对今后高层建筑的兴建具有一定的指导作用。

Analysis of geotechnical engineering problem about high building in Wuhan city

Wuhan is the biggest city in Huazhong region, sine the reformation opens, a large number of high buildings have been built. The main characteristics of high building especially the super high building are the height is high, the center of gravity is high, the pressure of the bottom of a foundation is big and the depth of the foundation is big. But the geological conditions of Wuhan region are complicated, for example, in the Quaternary strata, from the latest aggradation of the soft soil, such as artificial fill, muddy soil, soft-plastic cohesive soil to various sandy soil and gravelly soil that deposit in Holocene epoch(Q_4), and the old clay that deposit before Late-Pleistocence(Q_3), all of these exist in it. The thickness, deep and characters of various soil layers appear great change. Therefore, the geotechnical engineering problems about high building in Wuhan region seem to be complex and various. In these numerous and complicated geotechnical engineering problems, this article primarity analyze the certainty of the bearing stratum and types of the foundation, the slope stipperying, water gushed out, quick sand, abrupt gush of soil and water, and protect in digging of the deep foundation pits. From the above analysis, we can get some laws, that can give us some leading meaning for building of high constructions in the future.