东亚地区的大气辐射能的收支(一)——地球和大气的太阳辐射能收支

本文是讨论东亚地区大气辐射能收支研究工作的第一部分,讨论了以下三个问题: (1)本文利用文献1]的水汽各吸收带的吸收光谱实验资料,求得了一个适合于手算的水汽对太阳辐射的总吸收能量公式(公式(6))。并把式(6)与Mugge—Moller公式进行了比较。 (2)利用公式(6),计算了东亚地区39个测站1,7月自地面到100毫巴各气层对太阳辐射的吸收能量,及其对大气的加温率。本文还进一步考虑了云的订正、大气对地面反射辐射的吸收,而求得了东亚地区对流层大气吸收能量的分布。 (3)利用1958—1960年中国地区的一些地面总辐射和反射率观测资料,以及本文计算的大气中各种吸牧能量,讨论了中国地区行星反射率的分布和地球大气系统中各种太阳辐射能的收支。

THE BUDGET OF THE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION ENERGY OVER EASTERN ASIA(1) THE BUDGET OF SOLAR RADIATION ENERGY OF THE EARTH AND THE ATMOSPHERE

This paper is the first part of research concerning the budget of the atmospheric radiation energy over Eastern Asia. Vie have discussed following three problems: 1.From the experimental values for each band of the absorption spectra of water vapor a formula (6) suitable for hand computation of the absorption of solar radiation,is obtained. It is comvared with Mügge-Moller formula.2. By formula (6), the absorption energy of solar radiation and heating rate from the surface to 100 mb were computed for January and July for 39 station over Eastern Asia. By considering the cloud correction, the absorption of the surface reflection of the radiation by the atmosphere, the distribution of absorption energy of the tropospheric atmosphere over Eastern Asia was obtained.3. Utilizing the data of the surface total radiation and reflection in China during 1958-1960 and the atmospheric absorption energy computed in this paper we have discussed the distribution of planetary albedo in China and the budget of solar radiation energy of the Earth and the atmosphere.