2006～2007年福建沿岸海域石首鱼类资源量时空变化

基于2006～2007年福建沿岸海域4个航次的底拖网调查,分析了福建沿岸海域石首鱼科鱼类的资源现状.结果表明:4个航次共捕获石首鱼类16种,其中春季捕获石首鱼类10种,夏季和冬季均捕获14种,秋季捕获12种.不同航次捕获的石首鱼类占所有鱼类总渔获量的比例为10.43%～23.23%,平均15.71%.平均资源密度和平均个体密度分别为81.49 kg/km2和3 663.06 ind./km2.平均资源密度和平均个体密度均以秋季最高,分别为130.02 kg/km2和5 702.64 ind./km2.闽东沿岸海域、闽江口及其附近海域、闽中沿岸海域和厦门沿岸海域石首鱼类的全年平均资源密度分别为70.75、96.23、22.54和84.57 kg/km2.在各种石首鱼类中,叫姑鱼(Johnius belengerii)的资源密度和个体密度最大,其次是丁氏(Wak tingi).叫姑鱼的相对重要性指数最高,为871.01,仅叫姑鱼为优势种.与近20 a前的调查资料相比较,石首鱼类的渔获量占鱼类总渔获量的比例升高,但资源密度显著下降,必须采取措施,避免开发强度的继续增加,以利于其资源的可持续利用.

Temporal and spatial variations of sciaenid fish resources in Fujian coastal waters in 2006 and 2007

Based on the data from bottom trawl surveys in Fujian coastal waters during 2006 and 2007,the resource status of sciaenid fishes in Fujian coastal waters were analyzed.The results showed that there were 16 species of sciaenid fishes caught in 4 cruises when 10,14,12 and 14 species were caught in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively.The percentage of capture production of sciaenid fishes to total fishes caught in Fujian coastal waters in 4 cruises ranged from 10.43% to 23.23% with averaged 15.71%.The average resource density and individual density were 81.49 kg/km2 and 3 663.06 ind./km2 respectively.The averaged resource density and individual density were the highest in autumn,when they reached 130.02 kg/km2 and 5 702.64 ind./km2 respectively.The averaged resource density of sciaenid fishes was 70.75 kg/km2,96.23 kg/km2,22.54 kg/km2 and 84.57 kg/km2 in Eastern Fujian coastal waters,Minjiang estuary and its neighboring waters,Middle Fujian coastal waters and Xiamen coastal waters,respectively.The averaged resource density and individual density of Johnius belengerii were the highest among sciaenid fishes,while the next is Wak tingi.The IRI of J.belengerii was the highest（871.01） and it was the only dominant fish in Fujian coastal waters.Compared to the data from surveys around 20 years ago,the percentage of capture production of sciaenid fishes to total fishes caught in Fujian coastal waters was increasing and the resource density was decreasing,obviously.Thus,effective measures must be taken to avoid increasing of capture intensity for sustainable utilization of the resources.