冰芯中MSA迁移假说的延伸和完善

MSA在冰芯深层的“迁移”现象的存在 ,关系到能否应用大气中 MSA季节特征进行极地冰芯断代 ,并以冰芯分析结果确定大气中生物硫化物含量的方法基础。本文展示各类最有代表性的冰雪 MSA剖面 ,对提出冰芯深层 MSA“迁移假说”的理论依据进行探讨 ,并根据最新资料 ,说明冰川中 MSA的“迁移”和重新分布 ,在表层粒雪和渗浸 -冻结冰层中同样可能发生。对“迁移假说”的延伸补充在于 ,粒雪中的 MSA迁移是在积雪中空气与外界贯通的“开放”条件下进行的 ,渗入雪层中的融水将 MSA溶出后 ,在晶粒间宏观向下输送 ,在阳离子集中的层位发生反应 ,生成盐类冰点的改变使之发生“冻结”,重新分布。而渗浸 -冻结冰层中的迁移机制可能和深层冰川冰中的情况接近 ,即在气体与外界隔绝条件下 ,主要在“封闭”的晶间脉状纹理中以“微观”形式进行。南极半岛 MSA迁移过程需要很长时间 ,而表层渗浸 -冻结冰层中 MSA迁移过程很快出现 ,说明冰中脉状纹理的加快形成、较高冰川温度和冰层中的较大含水量等因素会对 MSA“迁移”进程起促进作用。最后 ,对 MSA“迁移”情况下 ,如何进行有关冰芯 MSA计算进行了讨论 ,对设计实验验证并完善迁移理论提出了设想。

EXTENSION AND THEORETICAL IMPROVEMENT OF A HYPOTHESIS FOR MSA MIGRATION IN ICE CORES

With Chinese latest global gravity field model WDM94, the authors provide the geoid height and mean free air gravity anomaly of Antarctica (The range of latitude is from -60° to -90°). In order to conclude and analyze the characters of Antarctic geoid roundly, the authors collect the latest oversea global gravity field model OSU91 (to degree and order 360) and JGMOSU (to degree and order 360), get the corresponding geoid height and mean free air gravity anomaly. The results are compared with the results got from WDM94, thus we get the difference. The standard deviation of geoid height between WDM94 and OSU91 is ±1.90 m;the deviation of geoid between WDM94 and JGMOSU is ±2.09 m. The standard deviation of mean gravity anomaly are ±8.97 mGal and ±9.32 mGal respectively. [WT9.HZ]