西北干旱区间歇性河流与含水层水量交换研究进展与展望

本文依托国家自然科学基金青年项目“河水温度对干旱区宽浅型河床渗透系数影响的定量研究”,并梳理了其他相关研究,总结了中国西北干旱区间歇性河流与含水层水量交换研究所面临的基础科学问题及当前所取得的研究进展。主要结论为：以宽浅型沙质河床为基本特征的西北干旱区内陆河流域下游河流,其河床每年经历数次干湿交替与冻融过程。受河水温度与河流水动力条件的影响,河床作为河流与含水层相互作用的重要界面,其渗透性能具有高度时空变异性,已成为河水与地下水水量交换研究的难点与热点。分析指出,在环境变化和当前交叉学科迅猛发展的背景下,以河流与含水层相互作用为核心的潜流带水文学发展面临新的机遇与挑战。

Progress and prospect of research on water exchange between intermittent rivers and aquifers in arid regions of northwestern China

Incorporating the research results of the the National Natural Science Foundation supported project "Quantifying the effect of river water temperature on riverbed hydraulic conductivity of broad-shallow rivers in the arid area" (No. 41301025), this article summarizes the basic scientific issues and the current research progress in the field of water exchange between intermittent rivers and aquifers in arid areas of northwestern China. Riverbed at the lower reaches of rivers in the arid regions of northwestern China is shallow, wide, and sandy. Such riverbed experiences several dry/wet alternations and freezing-thawing process each year. Due to the influence of river temperature and river flow conditions, the riverbed as an important interface of river-aquifer systems exerts significant temporal and spatial variability, which has become a key issue in understanding surface water and groundwater exchange. Hyporheic zone hydrology, which focuses on river-aquifer interaction, is facing new opportunities and challenges under the current changing environment and rapidly developing interdisciplinary research.