地基GPS遥感观测安徽地区水汽特征

对2002年6～7月安徽地区肥西、桐城、寿县、无为、芜湖、滁州6个GPS观测站的数据，结合相应的地面温度、气压等气象数据反演了时间间隔为30min连续变化的水汽总量。这一解算结果由解算方法分析达到1～2mm量级精度，达到了数值天气预报和气候研究的要求。利用这些资料，分析了上述地区水汽变化特征。单站水汽的持续积累和源源不断的水汽输送是强降水系统发生发展的必要条件，为了研究水汽来源及水汽量的大小，结合NCEP资料计算了一次强降雨过程中水汽通量值。

Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor Characteristics in Anhui Province Using Ground-Based GPS

Using GPS data from six sites in Feixi, Tongcheng, Shouxian, Wuwei, Wuhu, and Chuzhou from June to July 2002, estimation was conducted on the continuous atmospheric precipitable water (PW) with a temporal resolution of 30 min. The temperature and air pressure data from above six sites were used. The accuracy of the deduced PW results is 1-2 mm, acquired by the analytical method, sufficient for weather forecasting and climate researches. The characteristics of water vapor in theses areas were analyzed by means of the results. The durative accumulation and continuous transport of water vapor are the necessary conditions of formation and development of severe storms. In order to better understand where vapor come from and what is the vapor amount, the water vapor flux was estimated in combination with NCEP data during a severe storm case.