基于多元知识和编图模型的智能地质编图技术及其应用

中国1∶25万—1∶5万区域地质调查积累了海量地质数据，如何充分利用这些基础地质数据适时更新编制小比例尺（1∶50万—1∶500万）地质图，及时、客观地反映最新地质调查成果，给地质编图工作者提出了严峻挑战。充分利用地质、制图、数据库等多元知识构建地质编图模型，支持计算机对岩石、地层、地质构造等地质实体及其复杂关系的智能识别，有效取代地质编图人员对地质要素综合、属性继承与更新、制图输出等的处理决策，通过图元与属性联动，最终形成图库一体的地质图空间数据库。以编图知识提取、模型构建为重点，对智能地质编图技术进行了探索，并通过青海省东部1∶50万地质图智能编制实践进行分析验证。结果表明，编图知识和构建的模型符合智能地质编图要求，智能地质编图技术能够大大提高从中大比例尺到小比例尺地质图缩编的效率和质量。

Intelligent geological mapping technology and its applications based on the multivariate knowledge and mapping model

In China, 1:250 000-1:50 000 regional geological survey has accumulated a large amount of database and formed a rich geological map with corresponding scale.How to make full use of these data and maps to compile small scale geological maps, and systematically reflect the latest geological survey results, brings a severe challenge to geological cartographers.Based on the big data, the geological map models are constructed through the multi-knowledge of geology, cartography and database, which can realize the intelligent recognition of geological phenomena such as stratum, magmatic rock, geological structure and their complex relations by computer, which can effectively replace the decision-making of geological cartographers on the synthesis and plotting of complicated geological map elements.Finally, the geological map spatial database is formed through the linkage of map elements and attributes.Focusing on knowledge extraction and map compilation model construction, this paper explores the technology of intelligent geological map compilation, and analyzes and verifies it through the 1∶500 000 intelligent geological map compilation practice in the eastern part of Qinghai Province.The mapping knowledge and model meet the requirements of intelligent geological mapping.The technology of intelligent geological mapping can greatly improve the efficiency and quality of geological map reduction from medium-large scale to small scale.