黄果树风景名胜区旅游环境容量研究

选择我国典型的喀斯特风景名胜区——黄果树景区为例,通过分析主要制约因子,定量研究了该景区的旅游环境容量。研究表明,黄果树风景区的空间环境容量为21933人次/日,生态环境容量为51354人次/日,经济环境容量为98716人次/日。空间环境容量成为制约景区提高接待规模的主要限制因子,平日一般不会出现超载的问题,周末存在局部超载的情况,而在黄金周等旅游高峰期,接待规模远远超出其旅游环境容量,景区常常出现整体性超载。针对这些问题,作者提出了游客分流、及时发布旅游接待信息以及加强未成熟景区的开发等措施,以缓解黄果树景区的旅游环境容量问题。

Tourist carrying capacity in Huangguoshu waterfall resort

There usually are unique and beautiful natural and human landscapes in karst area, where tourist attractions are abundant but eco-environment fragile. How to avoid irreversible damages to local environmental system and how to maintain the sustainable and healthy development of local economy, society and ecosystem is one of the most challenging problems standing in front of karst scenic area. Tourist carrying capacity is one of important standard to judge whether a scenic resort develops sustainablly or not, which is significant theoretically and practically. Taking Huangguoshu waterfall resort as a case, and by analyzing the key limiting factors, the authors studied quantitatively the tourist carrying capacity of the resort. The results revealed that the tourist spatial carrying capacity is 21 933 persons a day, and tourist ecological carrying capacity 51 354 persons a day, and tourist economic carrying capacity is 98 716 persons a day. Spatial size is identified as a key factor limiting the tourist carrying capacity in the study area. On week days, the amount of arrived tourists is within the carrying capacity, but at weekends, partial over-bearing occurs at Dapubu scenic area-the major part of the Huangguoshu waterfall resort, and in the so-called golden weeks, such as Labor Day holiday and National Day holiday, the whole over-bearing problems become serious. Finally, the authors, aiming at such problems, put forward some countermeasures to address the current tourist carrying capacity dilemma existing in Huangguoshu waterfall resort, including tourist diffluence, real-time tourist information release and developing more scenic spots.