The impact of climate change and human activities on streamflow and sediment load in the Pearl River basin |
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| Authors: | Chuangshou Wu Changchen Ji Benwei Shi Yaping Wang Jianhua Gao Yang Yang Jinbin Mu |
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| Institution: | 1. Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary, Hangzhou 310020, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;4. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;5. Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 030020, China;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, 2001 Ghausi Hall, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States;2. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Monseñor Alvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile;1. Institution of Land Utilization, Technology and Regional Planning, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary;2. Administration of Natural Resources Management, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria;3. Department of Soil Sciences and Land Reclamation, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria;4. Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden;5. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam;6. Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam;7. Faculty of Water Resource Engineering, Thuyloi University, Hanoi, Viet Nam;8. Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam;9. Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam;1. Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;3. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India;1. Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;2. State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China;3. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts, Islands and Reefs, Guangzhou 510275, China;4. Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China;5. School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;6. The Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute (PRHRI), Guangzhou 510611, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sean Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. Guangdong Key Lab of Ocean Remote Sensing, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper uses monthly streamflow, suspended sediment concentration, and meteorological data to examine the impact of human activity and climate change on streamflow and sediment load in the Pearl River basin from the 1950s to the 2000s. The influences of climate change and human activities on hydrological processes were quantitatively evaluated using the Mann–Kendall abrupt change test and power rating curves. The results showed that: (1) abrupt changes and turning points in streamflow occurred in 1963, 1983, and 1991 which were found to be consistent with global ENSO events and volcanic eruptions. However, abrupt changes in sediment load showed significant spatial differences across the Pearl River basin. For the Xijiang River, an abrupt change in sediment load occurred in 2002, and after 2007 the change becomes significant at the 95% confidence level. At Beijiang and Dongjiang, abrupt changes in sediment load occurred in 1998 and 1988, respectively. (2) The time series of sediment load data was divided into four periods according to abrupt changes. The contribution of climate change and human activities is different in the different rivers. For the Xijiang River, compared with the first period, climate change and human activities contributed 83% and 17%, respectively, to the increasing sediment load during the second period. In the third period, the variation of sediment load followed a decreasing trend. The contribution from climate change and human activities also changed to +236% and −136%, respectively. In the fourth period, climate change and human activities contributed −32% and +132%, respectively. Meanwhile, For the Beijiang River, climate change and human activities contributed 90% and 10% in the second period, the contribution of climate change increased to +115% and human activities decreased to −15% in the third period. In the fourth period, the value for climate change decreased to +36% and human activities increased to +64%. For the Dongjiang River, the contribution of human activities was from 74.5% to 90%, and the values for climate change were from 11% to 25%. Therefore, the effect of human activity showed both spatial and temporal differences, and it seems likely that the decreased sediment load will continue to be controlled mainly by human activities in the future. |
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| Keywords: | Pearl river Streamflow Suspended sediment concentration Climate change Human activities Mann-Kendall test |
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