石漠化地区的生态危机及菌根桑生物修复潜力研究进展

在简要总结出石漠化地区的生态特征、生态威胁及生态恢复存在的主要障碍的基础上,比较系统地分析了桑树在石漠化生境中已表现出的生态适应能力和生态修复潜力。桑树作为喀斯环境的速生造林树种,根系发达,耐干旱耐贫瘠能力极强,对增加植被覆盖率、促进生态环境改善、实现石漠化地区脆弱生态系统的恢复与平衡产生重要作用。尤其是由于丛枝菌根具有对矿质营养和水分吸收能力强的特殊生理生态功能,刚好与石漠化地区贫瘠和干旱这一主要生态障碍相耦合,接种丛枝菌根真菌后能进一步扩大桑树对矿质营养和水分的吸收与运输,减轻贫瘠干旱胁迫,加快土壤微生物群落构建,提高土壤生物活力,促进植被群落正向演替。种植菌根桑可望成为喀斯特石漠化生态修复一种新途径。 

Research progress of the ecological crisis in rocky desertification area and the bioremediation potential of mycorrhizal mulberry

Based on briefly summarization of the ecological characteristics, ecological threats and the main ecology restoration obstacles in the rocky desertification region, the present paper systematically analyzes the ecological adaptation ability and potential for ecological restoration of mycorrhizal mulberry. Because of good characters in the developed roots, well drought-resistance and tolerance to barren soil, mycorrhizal mulberry is considered as a fast-growing forestry plant in karst environment. It plays an important role in increasing vegetation coverage, promoting environmental improvement and realizing fragile ecosystem restoration and balance. Especially because of the special eco-physiological function of AM fungi (for example, to increase minerals and water absorption) having good corresponding relations with the main ecological obstacles drought and leanness, mycorrhizal mulberry will be a new try to overcome the barriers of vegetation restoration in rocky desertification area. Mulberry that inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi will be able to further stimulate the absorption and transportation of mineral nutrition and water, alleviate the poor and drought stress, speed up the soil microbial community construction and increase soil biological activity as well as promote the vegetation positive succession. Usage of mycorrhizal mulberry will provide a new approach for ecological restoration in karst rocky desertification area.