Effects of sand burial on dune plants: a review |
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Authors: | Hao Qu HaLin Zhao and RuiLian Zhou |
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Institution: | Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou,
Gansu 730000, China;Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou,
Gansu 730000, China;School of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China |
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Abstract: | Burial of different growth stages of plants (e.g., adult plants, seedlings and seeds) is frequent in dune ecosystems. The soil
micro-environment, which differs from surface conditions, influences the survival and growth of dune plants. To sum up
knowledge about the survival mechanisms of plants under sand burial and to promote practical rehabilitation of dune
vegetation, we reviewed relevant published literature and concluded that: (1) Focus in recent years has been on impacts of
sand burial on seed germination and seedling emergence. Generally, shallow burial increased seed germination and seedling
emergence, but deeper burial was negative. Buried at the same depth, large seeds showed higher germination and
seedling emergence rates, attributed to larger energy reserves. (2) Survival, growth and reproduction rates of dune plants
show plasticity in response to sand burial. Long-term deep burial is fatal because it creates a physical barrier which
overcomes the vertical growth of plants, reduces photosynthetic leaf area, and limits oxygen availability to roots. Modest
burial, on the other hand, is advantageous for growth and reproduction of many dune plants, due to protection from excessive
temperature and drought. (3) There are few reports concerning effects of sand burial on plant physiology, but a
limited number of studies indicate that partial burial increases water use efficiency, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate
and net photosynthetic rates. The antioxidant protective enzyme system and osmolyte balance were reported to be involved
in the mechanisms of dune plant resistance to burial. |
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Keywords: | sand burial dune plants survival growth and reproduction physiological response |
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