昆明地区降水量时空分布特征

近年来由于降水异常所带来的干旱、城市内涝等气象灾害越来越受到人们的关注.采用回归方法对昆明12个大监站近43年来的降水量时空变化特征进行分析,发现昆明地区年降水量减少,春、夏、秋的降水也减少,但冬季降水略增加;年、四季降水有较为明显年代际变化趋势,且存在一个或多个突变点.降水量变化具有一定的区域分布特征,市区及以东以南地区夏季及年降水量偏少显著,春季降水西北部地区偏多其余偏少,秋季降水为一致减少型,冬季降水西南部减少其余大部持平或略增加.

THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION OVER KUNMING

In recent years, droughts, urban waterlogging and other weather disasters caused by rainfall anomalies, has attracted more and more people＇s attention. Using monthly precipitation data of 12 national meteorological stations in Kunming from 1970 to 2012, with the regression analysis method to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of precipitation of Kunming. In lately 43 years, the spring, summer, autumn rainfall of Kunming was reduced. In contrast, winter＇s slightly increased, and annual precipitation decreased. Rainfall of Kunming City has a more significant decadal trends for seasons or ages. There are interannual or seasonal mutations in precipitation of Kunming. The variety of precipitation for the urban area does has its regional distribution features. Precipitation of downtown, east and south zone is significantly lower during the whole age and the season summer. The northwe＇st region gains a higher level than other during spring season. Precipitation of Autumn is uniformly reduced type. Winter precipitation in the southwest reduced. Meanwhile the rest of the city remained large flat or slightly increase.