晋城市冬、春季PM2.5和PM10污染水平时空分布及其与气象因子的关系

为深入了解晋城市颗粒物浓度时空分布特征,对晋城市2017年12月至2018年5月国控点、小型站和微型站PM2.5及PM10小时浓度数据进行收集整理,并进行空间插值分析和时间变化趋势分析及与气象监测数据的相关分析。结果表明:颗粒物浓度在冬、春季节具有明显差异,冬季PM10与PM2.5高值区主要位于东北部及东南小部分区域,春季PM10高值区位于城区南部区域,PM2.5高值区主要集中于城区。晋城市城区和郊区PM10与PM2.5月均浓度整体呈单峰型变化,PM10在4月份最高(157.54±5.67μg·m^-3),PM2.5在1月份最高(94.08±2.25μg·m^-3)。冬季PM2.5/PM10平均为0.57,春季平均为0.45。颗粒物小时浓度的变化呈现单峰单谷的型式,冬季PM10与PM2.5小时平均浓度最高值均出现在10时,春季均出现在09时。监测期间晋城市PM10与PM2.5的小时浓度值与相对湿度有较高的正相关性(p<0.01),与风速、风向有较高的负相关性(p<0.01),与温度和气压的相关性较低。冬季,东北至正南风向时,PM10与PM2.5的浓度普遍高于西北风向时的浓度,对晋城冬、春季国控点颗粒物浓度贡献率最高的风向风速为东南偏南风向,风速在1 m/s以内。

Temporal-spatial Patterns of PM2.5 and PM10 Pollution and Their Correlations with Meteorological Elements during Winter and Spring in Jincheng

An investigation on the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 from December 2017 to May 2018 and correlation analysis of particulate matters with meteorological factors were done to determine the pollution level in Jincheng city.The results showed that the concentration distribution of particulate matters has significant differences in winter and spring.The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 are the highest in the northeast and southeast of Jincheng city in winter,but in spring the PM10 is the highest in the southern part of urban area and the PM2.5 is the highest in the urban area.The monthly average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in urban and suburban areas show a single-peak change,PM10 is the highest in April(157.54±5.67μg·m^-3),and PM2.5 is the highest in January(94.08±2.25μg·m^-3).The average value of PM2.5/PM10 is 0.57 in winter and 0.45 in spring.The change of hourly concentration of particulate matters shows the pattern of single peak and single valley.The highest average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 tend to appear at 10:00 in the morning in winter and 09:00 in spring.During the monitoring period,the hourly concentration values of PM10 and PM2.5 in Jincheng city had a high positive correlation with the humidity(p<0.01)and a high negative correlation with the wind speed and wind direction(p<0.01),and a low correlation with temperature and pressure.In winter,when wind blows from northeast to south,the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 are generally higher than that under the condition of northwest wind.The contribution rate of wind to concentration particulate matter is the highest with the blowing of southeast-south wind and the wind speed below 1 m/s.