文丘里法在河流流量推算中的应用

流量测验常见方法有常规水文缆道流速仪法、超声波时差法、声学多普勒流速(ADCP)、雷达波流速等,上述方法各有优缺点,适用于不同场合。文丘里现象被广泛用来测量封闭管道中单相稳定流体的流量,依据伯努利定律可知流速的增大伴随流体压力的降低,即受限流动在通过缩小的过流断面时流体出现流速增大的文丘里效应,根据该效应,可通过河段文氏等效,获得估算的天然河流水体流量。经实例验证,该方法计算精度较高,达到流量测验规范要求,可作为流量估算的一种辅助手段。

Application of Venturi Method in Calculation of River Flow

The common flow acquisition methods in the flow test are conventional hydrometric cableway current meter, ultrasonictime difference method, acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCP) and radar wave current meter. According to Bernoulli''s law, theincrease of flow velocity is accompanied by the decrease of fluid pressure. That is, the Venturi phenomenon that the flow velocityincreases when the confined flow passes through the reduced cross section. This phenomenon has been widely applied to measurethe flow rate of single -phase steady fluid in closed pipelines. Based on the Venturi effect and Venturi model, the equivalentformula of Venturi river is derived. In conclusion, the calculation of the method produces higher precision which can meet thestandard requirements of flow test.