试论中国南北大陆的碰撞造山带

中国北方的中朝克拉通与南方的扬子克拉通无论在基底年代及盖层发育程度、沉积环境及古生物群上都有差异。它们是两个构造发育史不同的大陆。这两个古大陆之间的大洋究竟有多宽？是何时关闭的？合并时的构造运动强烈程度？在挽近地质历史时期有无相类似的情况？这些问题一直是中外地质学家所关注，并在不同程度上讨论过的问题。近年来的地质工作，提供了一些可据以回答上述问题的成果，但全面可靠地回答上述全部问题还有待今后的努力。笔者在过去的文章（1-3）曾讨论一些有关问题。本文，拟就近期国内外的研究成果，发表一些评论，并提出作者的看法

Collisional Orogene between north and south china

The relative movement between the North China block (the Sino-Korean craton)and the South China block (the Ynagtze-Cathaysian craton)was right-lateral along a transform fault during Late Paleozoic.Devonian deep water deposits on oceanic crust existed only in the East Qinling and Tongbai areas where the subduction of ocean crust is evidenced by metamorphism,magmatism and deformation.Carboniferous and Permian clastics and minor carbonates of shallow marine and terrestrial facies were deposited in a series of narrow basins generally E-W trending,and controlled by the transform fault.The biota of the basins were communicated with the contemporary sedimentary basins in South China,North China and West China.There is no wide Mesozoic oceanic crust between the North and South China blocks.The tectonic framework of central China during Late Paleozoic is quite similar to that of western North America during Cenozoic. Amalgamtion of the Sino-Korean craton with the Siberrian craton at the end of Paleozoic changed the moving direction of the latter to the southeast and contraction was prevailing between the already juxtaposed North and South China blocks and the intervening Dabie-S-Lu microcontinent.The southeast corner of the North China block was slipped into the concave of the microcontinent,and enabled the latter to be underthrusted to a depth of more than 80 km to form ultra-high pressure metamorphic complex in Early and Middle Triassic time.Downgoing oceanic crust is not a pre-requisite of A-type subduction much as the case in Pamir.The Tan-Lu fault,prmarily a hige fault took place at teh climax of contraction between the North and South China blocks in Late Triassic time.Differential uplifting and the consequent erosion of the Dabie and Su-Lu terranes,which are constituted by piles of subhorizontal thrust sheets,led to an apparent left-lateral offset.Su-Lu was uplifted higher and unroofed deeper than Dabie.An ancient river system along the E-W trending suture had been drained off into the Songpan-Garzei ocean to the west.Collision of the Indian plate shifted relative movement between the North and South China blocks to the left-lateral one and initiated the Fen-Wei graben since Paleogene. The Imjingang belt between North and South Korea connects to the suture zone in the Dabie-Su-Lu area.To the east,an active continental margin along the southern margin of the Hida belt was prevailing in Late Paleozoic.The Ogcheon belt in South Korea is an Early Paleozoic rift zone which is the extension of the Huanan aulacogen.The Gyeonggi and Ryeongnam massifs of South Korea are corrlated to the Yangtze and Cathaysia massifs in the mainland of China.