长江中下游地区成矿作用研究新进展和存在问题的思考

长江中下游地区是中国成矿理论的重要发源地之一,迄今已经完成大量研究,取得了一系列重要进展,前人已进行了多次总结。文章在此工作基础上,概括总结了最新的研究进展,并提出尚待解决的一些科学问题:该带成矿过程的深化研究和新测试、新技术的应用,有望破解层状铜金矿成因难题;越来越多单独或者伴生钨矿被发现,成矿显示多样性和多期次的特点。建立了该带矽卡岩型铜金矿+金稀散金属矿床组合新模型,有望推动在斑岩-矽卡岩型铜金矿外围发现贵金属和稀散金属矿床;研究发现该带含膏盐层在矽卡岩铁矿和玢岩铁矿的成矿过程中贡献明显;利用红外和矿物原位测试技术示踪该带深部矿化中心;通过三维找矿预测和成矿过程数值模拟,为隐伏矿找矿突破增添了新路径。最后,文章提出有待进一步研究的5个方面的科学问题,以期推动深化研究和找矿新突破。

Metallogeny in Middle-Lower Yangtze River Ore Belt: Advances and problems remained

The Middle-Lower Yangtze River Ore Belt (MLYRB) has been a cradle of modern metallogeny in China. In this study, we summarized the new research advances from this century and raise some important scientific problems remained in the ore belt. Based on field investigation, geochronology and ore-forming process, employed with new techniques the stratiform massive Cu-Au ores, which mainly occur in a discordant boundary or along some dolomite layers, were delineated to be component of the Yanshanian porphyry-skarn Cu-Au ore system. In past ten years, more and more W deposits and W-bearing skarn Cu or Cu-Mo-Au deposits have been discovered, exhibiting that W is a new member of the porphyry-skarn Cu-Au-Mo-Fe ore belt. Since more Au, Tl, Te and the other dispersed metals were discovered and explored in the peripheral zones of some porphyry-skarn Cu-Au deposits, a new genetic mineral deposit model entitled in "Cu-Au skarn and distal Au and dispersed metal deposits" was set up, which will promote the discovery of precious and dispersed metals around the porphyry-skarn Cu-Au mines. Widespread evaporites in the Late Paleozoic carbonate rocks may play a key role in the formation of skarn iron and porphyry iron deposits. Three-D prospecting prediction and numerical simulation of ore-forming process provide new pathways for searching concealed ore bodies. Infrared and in-situ analysis techniques have been applied to prospecting in the belt, indicating a good start to use new technologies for prospecting. Although the ore belt has been well studied, the other five scientific problems listed are remained for further research.