"美丽冰冻圈"融入区域发展的途径与模式

在探讨“美丽冰冻圈”内涵的基础上,从自然属性与社会经济两个层面、致利与致害两条线,分析了“美丽冰冻圈”与区域可持续发展的关系,“美丽冰冻圈”、区域社会经济发展、人类福祉构成冰冻圈—人类社会经济复合命运共同体。基于中国冰冻圈要素及其变化影响的区域差异性,选取祁连山—河西地区、青藏高原三江源地区、横断山大香格里拉地区,分别代表冰冻圈水资源影响区、冰冻圈灾害影响区、冰冻圈旅游经济区,围绕冰冻圈水资源服务与绿洲经济、雪灾害风险与畜牧业经济、冰雪旅游与区域经济等核心问题,从冰冻圈资源服务与灾害风险视角,详细阐述了冰冻圈融入不同区域发展的途径与模式。在干旱半干旱内陆地区,冰冻圈主要以水源涵养、水量供给与径流调节服务,融入绿洲社会经济发展,是一种冰冻圈水资源支撑型区域发展模式;在青藏高原高寒区,冰冻圈生态环境决定了畜牧业经济的脆弱性,冰冻圈灾害负向影响畜牧业经济,是一种冰冻圈生态支撑+灾害影响型区域发展模式;在冰冻圈旅游经济区,直接依托冰雪资源发展冰雪旅游业,是一种基于冰冻圈资源的旅游经济驱动型区域发展模式。

Approaches and models of'Beautiful Cryosphere'integration into regional development,China

The basic connotation of "Beautiful Cryosphere (BC)" is firstly discussed in the paper. After that, the relationship between BC and regional sustainable development is analyzed from two aspects of natural and social economy attributes of the cryosphere, and from two lines of cryospheric profit and harm. BC, regional social and economic development, and human well-being constitute the cryosphere and huaman social and economic complex destiny community. There are significant regional differences for cryosphere changes and their effects in China. Therefore, the Qilian Mountains-Hexi Corridor region, the Three Rivers Source Region (Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers) over the Tibetan Plateau and the Great Shangri-La region are selected to represent the impact area of cryospheric water resources, the cryospheric disaster affected area, and cryospheric tourism economic zone, respectively. This paper mainly focuses on the core issues of cryospheric water resources services and oasis economy, snow disaster risk and animal husbandry development, ice and snow tourism and regional economy, analyzes in detail the approaches and models of BC integration into regional development from the perspective of cryosphere service and disaster risk. In arid and semi-arid inland areas, the cryosphere resources are integrated into the oasis social and economic development mainly through water conservation, water supply and runoff regulation services, so we built a cryosphric water resource-supported development model. In the alpine region of the Tibetan Plateau, cryospheric ecological environment determines the vulnerability of animal husbandry economy, and cryospheric hazards negatively affects the animal husbandry economy, which is a kind of cryospheric ecology-supported and cryospheric disaster-influenced development model. The cryospheric tourism economic zone that directly depends on ice and snow resources can develop ice and snow tourism, which is a kind of tourism economy-driven development model based on cryosphere resources.