基于无人机摄影测量的梅里雪山明永冰川末端表面高程动态监测

位于横断山区的梅里雪山地区,受地形与气候的影响,该地区光学遥感及微波遥感应用较为受限。论文基于大疆精灵4RTK无人机搭配中海达UBase,于2018年11月9日和2019年11月12日对梅里雪山地区明永冰川末端开展了2期摄影测量,估算冰川消融区表面高程变化,监测冰川动态变化。研究结果表明:冰川区表面形态在不同位置有显著差别,航测冰川区中下部大量表碛覆盖,有少量沿冰川主流线方向发育的裂隙;航测冰川区中上部表碛覆盖较少,大量横向裂隙发育。2018年11月至2019年11月,明永冰川末端表面高程平均变化-1.67 m。冰川表面高程变化空间分布差异显著,在航测冰川区上部高程差存在正负交替现象,航测冰川区中部以减薄为主,而航测冰川区下部以增厚为主。与高亚洲地区其他山系冰川变化对比,梅里雪山地区是冰川表面高程变化最显著的地区。

High-resolution monitoring of glacier dynamics based on unmanned aerial vehicle survey in the Meili Snow Mountain

The glaciers of the Meili Snow Mountain are now rapidly retreating and thinning, owing to climate change. The main aim of this study was to monitor the dynamics of the Mingyong Glacier in the Meili Snow Mountain based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) survey and UBase. The result of the digital surface model (DSM) in the Mingyong Glacier terminus shows that the surface morphology has a significant difference between the upper and lower sections. The lower section was covered by a large amount of debris, and a few crevasses developed along the direction of glacier flow. Little debris was found in the upper section, and a lot of transverse crevasses developed there. A mean ice thinning of 1.67 m was observed in the terminus of the Mingyong Glacier from November 2018 to November 2019, and surface lowering was heterogeneous. There were positive and negative alternations in surface lowering in the upper section, surface thinning was observed in the middle section, while a significant thickening was observed in the lower section. Compared with glacier changes in other areas in the High Asia Mountains, the Meili Snow Mountain was the region with the most significant glacier surface elevation change.