中国城市体检评估的理论基础和方法

城市体检评估是中国城市新发展阶段下，城市规划、建设和管理工作的重要创新，是推进城市人居环境建设的系统化、精准化和科学化的重要工作方式，也是建设更健康、更安全、更宜居的城市，为人民群众提供高品质生活环境的重要抓手。从地理学的系统性思维、经济学的规模经济、城市规划关于密度与空间的匹配以及城市宜居性等视角分析了城市体检评估的理论基础，并提出了城市体检评估的基本导则。在此基础上对体检评估的指标设计、数据采集、评估分析方法和整体技术流程进行了系统的构建。得出结论：城市体检评估必须建立理论框架和方法体系，形成综合和系统评价体系、科学数据采集手段、分析和模拟方法、诊断和反馈机制等全流程的体检评估机制，全面推进中国人居环境的高质量发展。

Theoretical Basis and Methods of City Health Examination Evaluation in China

Under the new stage of urban development in China, city health examination evaluation is an important innovation in urban planning, construction and management. Not only is it an important way to promote the systematic, accurate and scientific construction of urban living environment, but also it’s an important starting point to build a healthier, safer and more livable city and provide high-quality living environment for the people. This article analyzes the theoretical basis of city health examination evaluation from the perspectives of the systematic thinking of geography, the scale economy of economics, the matching of density and space in urban planning, and the livability of cities, and puts forward the basic guidelines of city health examination evaluation. On this basis, the index design, data collection, evaluation and analysis methods and the overall technical process of city health examination evaluation are systematically constructed. And taking the dimension of convenient transportation as an example, this article makes a brief analysis of 36 pilot cities. In order to promote the high-quality development of human settlements in China, it is necessary to establish a theoretical framework and method system, and form a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system, scientific data collection means, analysis and simulation methods, diagnosis and feedback mechanism.