基于国际比较视角的北京“四个中心”建设体检评估探索

在梳理国内外城市规划评估体检实践与研究进展、总结北京城市体检评估机制的基础上，构建北京“四个中心”建设体检评估的框架，基于国际比较视角遴选指标定性定量分析相结合进行体检评估。体检评估结果表明：① 北京的全国政治中心服务保障能力显著提升，展现出大国首都形象；② 北京的全国文化中心地位进一步增强，但公共文化服务供给能力与世界知名城市存在差距，缺少具有国际影响力的文化品牌；③ 虽然国际交往环境及配套服务水平不断提升，但北京的国际组织规模影响力与大国首都地位不匹配，对国际游客的吸引力不强；④ 尽管北京已初步建成具有全球影响力的科技创新中心，创新对高质量发展支撑能力待增强。未来，北京应当坚持以首都发展为统领，大力加强“四个中心”功能建设、提高“四个服务”水平，提升在全球城市体系中的地位，扩大北京作为大国首都在世界的影响力。北京城市体检应重视城市定位体检、加强各参与方的交流合作、拓宽体检评价的国际视野、动态调整体检评价指标、探索高频时空数据分析技术的应用。

Exploration on City Health Examination Evaluation of "Four Centers" Con-struction in Beijing From the Perspective of International Comparison

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to city health examination. Beijing has taken the lead in establishing city health examination evaluation mechanism of “one health examination every year and one evaluation every five years” in China. Beijing has completed annual city health examination in 2017, 2018 and 2019, and is carrying out the first round of five-year evaluation. The health examination of urban position is not only the focus but also the difficulty of city health examination. At present, there are rare researches on it. On the basis of reviewing the practice and research progress of health examination evaluation in urban planning at home and abroad, and summarizing the mechanism of city health examination evaluation in Beijing, this article established the framework of city health examination evaluation of the “four centers” construction in Beijing, and selected suitable indicators from the perspective of international comparison to conduct it with combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that: 1) Beijing’s service guarantee ability of national political center had been significantly improved, and the image of a big country’s capital had been displayed; 2) The status of the national cultural center had been further strengthened, but there was a gap in the supply capacity of public cultural services among Beijing and other world-famous cities, and there was lack of cultural brands with international influence; 3) The international communication environment and supporting service level had been continuously improved, however the scale and influence of international organizations did not match the capital status of a big country, and the attraction for international tourists was not strong; 4) Beijing had initially built a science and technology innovation center with global influence, but its ability to support high-quality development needed to be enhanced. In the future, Beijing should adhere to the development of the capital as the guide, vigorously strengthen the functional construction of “four centers” and improve the level of “four services”, enhance its position in the global urban system and expand Beijing’s influence in the world as the capital of a big country. It is necessary to pay attention to the city health examination of urban position, strengthen the communication and cooperation among all participants, broaden the international vision of health examination evaluation and dynamically adjust the evaluation index of health examination, explore the application of high frequency spatiotemporal data analysis technology.