内蒙古二连盆地铀与油、煤的时空分布及铀的成矿作用

二连盆地是我国铀、石油和煤3种能源矿产共存的大型盆地之一,研究它们之间的时空和成因关系,对于盆地的综合找矿有着重要现实意义。研究结果表明,铀矿产于侏罗纪、白垩纪和古近纪的粗碎屑岩中,油气田主要产于侏罗纪、白垩纪的细碎屑岩中。产煤的小凹陷就是有利的产铀凹陷,产煤层位就是找铀的目的层位。石油、煤产生的还原性流体对砂岩型铀矿的成矿作用为:(1)还原性流体沿着断裂向上迁移扩散,对上部岩石产生了强烈的还原作用,大大增强了岩石的还原能力,铀在还原性的岩石中富集;(2)来自地表的含铀含氧水与来自下部上升的还原性流体相遇混合,使溶液中的U6+还原为U4+而沉淀;(3)深部还原性流体可携带一部分成矿物质进入容矿砂体而卸载,从而造成铀的初步富集或叠加富集。由于它们有空间上和成因上的联系,建议对于产有铀、石油和煤3种能源矿产的沉积盆地,需采用综合找矿的工作思路,充分挖掘石油、煤炭和铀矿3个部门已有的钻探资料和成果,进行二次开发,有利于快速开展盆地铀矿勘查和矿产资源评价。

Spatiotemporal distribution of uranium,oil and coal,and uranium metallogenic processes in Erlian Basin,Inner Mongolia

Erlian Basin is one of the large basins containing oil, coal and uranium deposits in China. Studying the relationship between time and spatial distribution and genesis among oil, coal and uranium deposits is very important for basic comprehensive prospecting. Researches have revealed that the uranium deposits occur in Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene, while the oil fields occur in Jurassic and Cretaceous. The former is located in coarse-grained cataclastic sandstone, while the latter is situated in fine-g...