建筑物沉降观测技术方法探讨

随着城市建设的迅猛发展，城市规模越来越大，建筑物越来越高，由此带来的安全隐患越来越大，由于高层建筑一般采用桩基基础，且荷载较大，对高层建筑的内部基础和设备的位置关系有很高的精度要求，其施工安装阶段将给高层建筑本身及周边建筑群体带来复杂的形变影响。为了保障建筑物施工和运营的安全，就必须对其进行沉降观测。本文结合笔者多年的实际工作经验，并结合具体的实例，对高层建筑物沉降原因、沉降观测前的准备工作及沉降观测的实施过程和观测数据的处理方法等进行了论述，最后指出如何通过沉降观测技术准确地反映出高层建筑物的沉降情况。

Discuss of Technical Methods of Buildings'Settlement Observation

With the rapid development of city construction, city scale becomes more and more large, buildings become more and more high, which bring about more and more security risks. At present, high buildings generally use pile foundation leading to a greater load, which requires that high buildings’internal foundation and the relationship between the location of equipment have a very high precision, and in the construction and installation phase will cause complex deformation which impact on high buildings and the surrounding building groups. In order to protect the safety of the building construction and operation, the settlement observation of the building is necessary. Combining with the author’s several years’practical experience and specific examples, this article discusses the reasons for the settlement of high buildings, preparation before settlement observation, implementation process of settlement observation and processing methods of observation data, finally points out how utilizing the settlement observation techniques accurately reflects the settlement of high buildings.