Seismic ground amplification by unlined tunnels subjected to vertically propagating SV and P waves using BEM |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran;2. Geotechnical Engineering Research Center, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), No. 26, Arghavan Street, North Dibajee, Farmanieh, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China;2. Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80125, Italy;3. State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China;4. Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Cooperation, Shanghai, 200032, China;5. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Laboratory for Statics and Dynamics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece;2. Department of Solid Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;1. Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden;2. Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering, Ministry of Education, China;3. State Key Lab of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, China;1. Center of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korean Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea;1. School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. Center of Excellence for Fundamental Studies in Structural Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Recent researches have revealed that the seismic ground response above tunnels can be different from the free-field motion during earthquakes. Nevertheless, to the best of the authors? knowledge, neither building codes nor seismic microzonation guidelines have yet considered this matter. In the present study, the seismic response of a linear elastic medium including a buried unlined tunnel subjected to vertically propagating incident SV and P waves are addressed. For analysis purposes, a numerical time-domain analysis is performed by utilizing a robust numerical algorithm working based on the boundary element method. It is observed that the amplification of the ground surface underlain by a tunnel is increased in long periods. The variation of the amplification factor and characteristic period of the medium versus the buried depth of the tunnel are depicted as the major results of this study. Some simple and useful relations are proposed for estimating the seismic microzonation of the areas underlain by tunnels. These relations can also be used for the preliminary seismic design of structures located on underground structures. |
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| Keywords: | Seismic ground response Amplification Underground tunnel Boundary element method (BEM) Time-domain |
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