海洋中挥发性卤代烃的研究进展

挥发性卤代烃(Volatile halocarbons,VHCs)是大气中一类重要的痕量温室气体和主要的臭氧层破坏者,在全球气候变化中起着十分重要的作用。大量研究表明海洋是大气中VHCs的重要源汇区,研究海洋中VHCs的生物地球化学循环,对于进一步了解海洋中的VHCs对未来全球气候的影响具有重要意义。本文针对国内、外有关海洋中VHCs生物地球化学循环研究的进展进行了综述,介绍了VHCs在海洋中的来源和产生机制、它的分布规律及其影响因素,从而归纳了VHCs在海洋中的迁移转化过程。针对目前缺乏对于海洋中VHCs的生物、非生物形成机制及其在海洋中迁移转化机制的具体过程的深入研究,以及有限航次的海洋中VHCs的浓度监测数据和源汇收支不平衡的问题,提出未来的研究需要加强海洋中VHCs的来源、生成机制、迁移转化机制及其影响因素的深入探究,开展更系统的长时间尺度和空间维度上的全球海域中VHCs大数据监测,并完善海-气通量的计算方法,准确估算海洋中VHCs的源汇。

A Review of the Study on Volatile Halocarbons in the Ocean

Volatile halocarbons(VHCs)are important trace greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the main destroyer of ozone,which play a very important role in global climate change.Previous studies have shown that the ocean is an important source or sink of VHCs in the atmosphere.Studying the biogeochemical cycle of oceanic VHCs is of great significance for further understanding the impact of VHCs in the ocean on the future global climate change.In this paper,we review the studies on biogeochemical cycle of VHCs in the ocean in recent years,including theirsources,generation mechanism,distributions,influence factors,migration and transformation in the ocean.In view of the lack of further study on some deficiencies of the biological and abiotic formation mechanism of VHCs and the specific process of their migration and transformation mechanism in the ocean,as well as some deficiencies of the monitoring data of VHCs concentration in limited surveys and the imbalance of source and sink budget,it is suggested that the source,generation mechanism,migration and transformation mechanism and impact factors of VHCs in the ocean should be discussed in detail in the future.Additionally,we should carry out more investigations on systematic monitoring of big data of VHCs in global sea areas on long time scale and spatial dimension.Most importantly,we need to improve the calculation method of air-sea flux and accurately estimate the sources and sinks of VHCs in the ocean.