基于SuperMap的田野考古制图

介绍了田野考古制图信息系统的设计思路和实现过程。针对田野考古的复杂性和多样性,采用基于数字近景摄影测量获取野外数据和GIS开发平台的三种制图方法:即摄影制图、扫描制图和电子制图,得到田野考古所需的各种探方图。其中,摄影制图是利用数码相机获取田野考古的原始影像,然后直接经几何纠正生成的正射影像上数字化得到田野考古所需的各种探方图;扫描制图基本原理与摄影制图相同;电子制图是基于GIS开发平台,在已知野外制图数据条件下的电子制图方式。同时,制定了野外工作规范和流程。实验证明田野考古制图信息系统不仅使考古制图更简单方便,改变了传统纸质保存地图的方式,而且能保证一定的精度。具有较高的推广应用价值。

Design and Implementation of Mapping Information System for Field Archaeology

This article introduces the design and implementation of Mapping Information System for Field Archaeology. Based on close -range digital photogrammetry and GIS software, we designed three mapping methods: photogrammetric mapping, electronic mapping and scanning mapping which are used to directly get all kinds of plot maps. Photogrammetric mapping is about calibrating the images achieved by digital camera to the orthophotos which is used to directly get all kinds of plot maps; scanning mapping is the same to the former in the basic principle; and electronic mapping is a mapping method with enough known field data based on GIS platform. At the same time, the field manipulating criterion and flow are given. The application proved to be simpler and more convenient in transforming traditional mapping on the paper to the electronic one and had good accuracy as well. The application of the system is worthy of popularizing widely.