秋季黄海中南部鱼类群落对饵料生物的摄食量

研究鱼类与饵料生物之间食物定量关系进而为多鱼种资源评估提供依据,2000~2002年秋季(10~11月)在黄海中南部海域进行了定点底拖网调查,应用Eggers模型,计算了带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)、黄(Lophius litulon)、细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)等23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的摄食量。结果表明:黄海中南部23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的总摄食量约为309万t,其中,鱼(Engraulis japonicus)的摄食量最高(在250万t以上),占总摄食量的80.9%。中上层和底层鱼类对饵料生物的摄食量分别为262万t和47万t左右,占总摄食量的84.7%和15.3%,鱼和细纹狮子鱼分别是中上层和底层鱼类中最主要的捕食者。磷虾类是中上层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是桡足类、端足类和毛颚类;虾类和鱼类是底层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是磷虾类。太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifica)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、细长脚虫戎(Themisto gracilipes)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)和鱼同时是黄海中南部被摄食量最高的5种饵料生物,它们被摄食的生物量之和约为233万t,占总摄食量的75.5%。

Food Consumption by the Fish Community in the Central and Southern Yellow Sea in Autumn

Based on the bottom trawl surveys conducted in the central and southern Yellow Sea in autumn during 2000-2002,the food consumption by 23 fish predators such as Trichiurus lepturus,Pseudosciaena polyactis,Lophius litulon,Liparis tanakae etc.was estimated by Egger's model.The results suggest that the total food consumption by these predators during autumn was over 3.09 million tons.Among these predators,Engraulis japonicus was the most important predator which consumed 80.9% of the total food consumption.The food consumption by the pelagic and demersal fish predators was over 2.62 and 0.47 million tons,accounting for 84.7% and 15.3% of the total food consumption,respectively.E.japonicus and L.tanakae were the most dominant pelagic and demersal predators,respectively.Euphausiids supplied most of the food intake for the pelagic fish communities,followed by copepods,amphipods and sagitta,while the most important food resources for the demersal fishes were shrimps and fishes as well as euphausiids.Euphausia pacifica,Calanus sinicus,Themisto gracilipes,Crangon affinis and E.japonicus were the five most important prey species in the central and southern Yellow Sea.The total consumption of these preys by the fish community was over 2.33 million tons,accounting for 75.5% of the total food consumption.