《巴黎协定》下的国际碳市场机制：基本形式和前景展望

《巴黎协定》第6条建立的两种国际碳市场机制受到广泛关注,将在2020年后的气候制度中发挥至关重要的作用。文中识别了覆盖范围、交易指标类型和管理模式等3个构成国际碳市场机制的关键要素及其不同设计选项,并以此为基础阐明国际碳市场机制的基本形式。梳理并识别谈判中有关国际碳市场机制的焦点问题及其不同规则设计,并在此基础上分析中国参与国际碳市场机制的机遇和挑战。结合中国气候融资、提升减排力度、推动绿色“一带一路”和气候变化南南合作的内在需求以及国内有关市场机制的现有能力,分析提出两种国际碳市场机制在中国近期、中期和远期的发展前景及其所需的能力建设。

International market mechanisms under Paris Agreement: basic form and future prospects

Article 6 of Paris Agreement introduces two international market mechanisms that, which receive extensive attention and will play an important role in post 2020 climate regime. Three key elements of the international market mechanisms, including the scope, the tradable units’ type and the governance, are identified, as the basis to clarify the basic forms of the two international market mechanisms. Based on the focus issues and their different design identified in negotiations, this paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges for China to participate in the international market mechanism. Considering the inherent needs of climate change mitigation, climate finance, the development of green Belt and Road and South-South Cooperation on climate change, and the existing domestic capacities on the market mechanisms, this paper puts forward the short-term, medium-term and long-term development prospects of the two international market mechanisms.