Atmospheric pollution indicated by trace elements in snow from the northern slope of Cho Oyu range,Himalayas |
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Authors: | Yaping Liu Shugui Hou Sungmin Hong Soon-Do Hur Khanghyun Lee Yetang Wang |
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Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China;(2) Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 406-840, Republic of Korea;(3) Shandong Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, China;(4) Present address: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China;(5) Present address: Department of Oceanography, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-751, Republic of Korea; |
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Abstract: | Samples collected from a 0.87 m snow pit at a high altitude site in the Cho Oyu range, Himalayas were measured for V, Cr,
Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
In addition, major ions, oxygen stable isotopes, and microparticles were also measured to assist the interpretation of seasonal
variation of trace elements. The trace elements show a distinct seasonality, i.e., higher concentrations during the non-monsoon
season than those during the monsoon season. Significant correlation is observed between Ba and the other trace elements.
Crustal enrichment factor (EFc) analysis indicates that V, Mn, Co, Ni, Rb, Sr, and Th originate mainly from crustal dust, while anthropogenic inputs make
an important contribution to the other trace elements (i.e., Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ti, Pb, Bi, and U). Evidence from air
mass back trajectories suggests that atmospheric trace element pollution reaching the studied area is transported dominantly
by Indian summer monsoon during the monsoon season, while it is transported mainly by the westerlies during the non-monsoon
season. |
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