中国矿业城市空间形态特征及其空间分异

矿业城市是以矿产资源开采和初加工为主的资源型城市,伴随矿业城市发展的各个阶段,城市空间会呈现相应的演变过程和格局,城市经济的转型也必将带来城市空间结构的响应.矿业城市空间结构受自然资源和产业发展的影响明显,是基于自然资源与产业转型的空间可持续发展的典型研究对象之一.选取中国33个公认的典型地级矿业城市作为研究样本,提取空间结构数据进行紧凑度和分形维数的计算与统计分析,力图总结我国矿业城市对比其他类型城市在空间形态上的基本特征和空间分异规律.结果表明,矿业城市空间形态的紧凑度较低,发展呈分散态；矿业城市空间的边界比较复杂,呈不规则状态；矿业城市紧凑度与边界维数呈负相关；矿业城市空间形态受城市发展阶段、有无依托、其他组织的人为规划等因素影响,呈现一定的空间分异规律；矿业城市空间形态与人口规模和经济发展水平存在相关.

Urban Spatial Morphology Characteristic and Its Spatial Differentiation of Mining City in China

The urban spatial structure has always been the core field research focus of urban geography.The mining city is a kind of resource city which mining and primary process was in domination.It is one of the results when economy has developed into a certain historical stage,and it is urgent to achieve transformation in current complicated domestic and international environment.So,the transformation of the city’s economy must come with the response of urban spatial structure.The urban spatial structure of mining city has instability according to potent influence of natural resources and industry development.It is a typical research object for spatial sustainable development that based on natural resources and industry transformation.The article chooses the Chinese 33 prefecture level mining cities of universally accepted being the sample book of study,calculates the compact ratio and the fractal dimension,sum up the urban spatial morphology characteristic and the spatial differentiation law of mining city in contrast with the other type city in China.