条件价值法在澳门固体废弃物管理经济价值评估中的比较研究

单边界和双边界是二分式条件价值法(CVM)的2种主要问题格式。针对澳门固体废弃物管理存在的问题，应用单边界和双边界二分式条件价值法，比较研究了澳门固体废弃物管理方案改善的支付意愿及其总经济价值；结果表明，80.56%的居民对新的固体废弃物管理方案存在支付意愿。单边界二分式CVM的分析结果表明澳门居民的平均支付意愿为每人每月14.87~24.12澳门元。双边界二分式CVM的结果表明澳门居民的平均支付意愿为每人每月14.43~17.94澳门元。单边界和双边界二分式CVM的评估结果相差不大，双边界二分式CVM的评估结果较为精确。按2003年澳门总人口44.85万计算，新的固体废弃物管理方案的年总经济价值约为7.02×107澳门元。 

A Comparative Study of Economic Valuation of Solid Waste Management in Macao Using CVM

This paper presents results from a single-bounded and double-bounded Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) study that aimed to examine Macao residents’ willingness to Pay (WTP) to support an improved solid waste management program. A random sample survey of 260 respondents in Macao was conducted face-to-face during the summer in 2004. About 80.56% stated that they would be willing to pay for this improved solid waste management program. The mean WTP of Macao public for this improved solid waste management program derived from single-bounded CVM was between 14.87MOP and 24.12MOP. The double-bounded CVM revealed that the mean WTP was about 16.82 MOP per person per month, which was between 14.43~17.94MOP. The study results show that the double-bounded CVM can decrease the variance of the WTP estimate. Based on the estimation results of double-bounded CVM, the annual aggregate value of this improved solid waste management program was about 7.02×10⁷ MOP. The survey results revealed that the determinants of the WTP of Macao public for this improved solid waste management program were people's awareness on solid waste management, education level and total household income. These results provide support for the hypothesis that CVM can be successfully used in Macao.