The influence of background winds and attenuation on the propagation of atmospheric gravity waves |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Leibniz-Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) at the University of Rostock, Schloßstr. 6, 18225 Kühlungsborn, Germany;2. School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom;3. German Aerospace Centre (DLR), Institute of Physics of the Atmosphere, Münchner Str. 20, 82234 Wessling, Germany;4. Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), 203 Channel Hwy, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China;2. College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;3. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA;4. Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD, USA;5. Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA;1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5107, USA;2. Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute, 795 El Camino Real, Ames Building, Room 2A027B, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA;3. Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), 1070 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA;4. Leeds Teaching Hospital, NHS Trust, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK;5. Medecins San Frontieres, 8 Rue Saint-Sabin, Paris 75011, France;6. Mendocino Coast District Hospital, 700 River Dr, Fort Bragg, CA 95437, USA;7. Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Room 7E136, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;8. Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood Building T152, 150 Governor''s Lane, Stanford, CA 94305-5405, USA;9. Faculty Development and Diversity, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;10. Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Medical School Office Building, 1265 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;11. Department of Statistics, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Sequoia Hall, 390 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-4065, USA;1. Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China;2. Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China;3. Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China;4. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China |
| |
| Abstract: | The influence of background winds and energy attenuation on the propagation of atmospheric gravity waves is numerically analyzed. The gravity waves, both in the internal and ducted forms, are included through employing ray-tracing method and full-wave solution method. Background winds with different directions may cause ray paths of internal gravity waves to be horizontally prolonged, vertically steepened, reflected or critically coupled, all of which change the accumulation of energy attenuation along ray paths. Only the penetrating waves propagating against winds can easily reach the ionospheric height with less energy attenuation. The propagation status of gravity waves with different periods and phase speeds is classified into the cut-off region, the reflected region and the propagating region. All the three regions are influenced significantly by winds. The area of the reflected region reduces when gravity waves propagate in the same direction of winds and expands when propagating against wind. In propagating region, the horizontal attenuation distances of gravity waves increase and the arrival heights decrease when winds blow in the same direction of gravity waves, while the attenuation distances decrease and the arrival heights increase when gravity waves propagate against winds. The results for ducted gravity waves show that the influence of winds on waves of lower atmospheric modes is not noticeable for they propagate mainly under mesosphere, where the wind field is relatively weak. However, strong winds at thermospheric height lead to considerable changes of dispersion relation and attenuation distance of upper atmospheric modes. Winds against the wave propagating direction support long-distance propagation of G mode, while the attenuation distances decrease when winds blow in the same direction of the wave. The distribution of TIDs observed by HF Doppler array at Wuhan is compared with the simulation of internal gravity waves. The observation of TIDs shows agreement with our numerical calculations. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
