自然科学基金资助下的我国冰冻圈科学发展

冰冻圈是指地球表层水以固态形式存在的圈层,包括冰川、冻土、积雪、海冰、河冰、湖冰等.作为一门新兴学科,冰冻圈科学研究其各组成部分的形成机理、演化规律、与其他圈层之间的相互作用,以及对经济社会的影响.在全球变暖背景下,冰冻圈研究受到前所未有的重视,成为气候系统研究中最活跃的领域之一,也是当前全球变化和可持续发展最关注的热点之一.中国是中低纬度地区冰冻圈最发育的国家,中国冰冻圈变化的气候效应、环境效应、水资源效应和生态效应非常显著,因此,对国家西部发展战略有重大意义.我国冰冻圈科学的发展与国家自然科学基金项目的支持息息相关,许多前瞻性、先导性、基础性的项目源自于基金项目的支持.国家自然科学基金在引领冰冻圈研究新领域和人才培养两方面起到了奠基和推动作用.着重回顾了在自然科学基金资助下我国冰冻圈科学的发展历程.

The Development of Cryospheric Science in China Granted by National Natural Science Fund

As an important sphere on the earth surface, cryosphere, including glacier, permafrost, snow cover, sea ice, river ice and lake ice and so on, is water in solid pattern. As a new subject, cryospheric science studies the formation mechanisms, evolution rules of its components, the interactions between cryosphere and atmosphere, water sphere, land surface, and bio-sphere, and the impacts on social economy. Cryospheric study has been paid much more attention from the different research fields. It has become one of the most active fields in climate system study on one hand, and one of the hot points of global change and sustainable development on the other hand. China is a country with most developed cryosphere in mid-low latitude regions. The climatic effect, environmental effect, water resources effect and ecological effect of cryospheric change in China are very notable, which is of importance to the state strategy for west China development. The development of cryospheric science has been closely linked with National Natural Science Fund, which plays a role of foundation and driving force of eagerly looking forward to new fields and cultivating talented people of cryospheric study, which is reviewed in this paper.