断裂输导体系研究现状及存在的问题

在前人研究成果的基础上,对断裂输导体系的内部结构、动力学机理、输导能力的控制因素、流体活动特征的识别、与其有关的优势通道等方面进行了综述.脆性断裂带内部的流体输导通道包括伴生裂缝、无黏结力的断层岩带和诱导裂缝3种类型,塑性断裂带只具有断裂伴生裂缝一种类型的输导通道.断裂带流体排驱的动力学机理包括突发性构造事件、超压与构造活动联控、超压主导和浮力驱动4种基本类型.气烟囱、沸腾包裹体、MnO等微量元素与包裹体均一温度异常等是判断或追踪断裂带流体活动特征的有效指标.与断裂输导体系有关的优势通道包括流向优势和断面优势两种类型,它们对油气的分布具有重要的控制作用.最后提出了断裂输导体系研究中存在的问题及进一步研究的方向.

Progress and Problems of Faults Conduit Systems for Hydrocarbon Migration

The authors review the achievements in faults conduit systems for hydrocarbon migration, which include internal structure, dynamic mechanism, controlling factors for hydrocarbon migration, the determining of fluid activity, and predominant pathway associated with the systems. The progress of the fault conduit system, include the migration pathway inside a fragile fault zone consists of associated fractures, the fault rock zone without adhesive power and induced fracture zones. While that in the plastic fault zone only contains the associated fractures. It is found that the dynamics mechanism of the fluid expulsion from the fault zone involves outburst tectonic events, overpressure-dominance, tectonic activities-overpressure control and buoyancy-drive. Whereas gas chimneys, boiling fluid inclusions, MnO trace elements and the abnormal temperature of fluid inclusions are all the characteristics for determining or tracking the migration of fluid inclusions in fault zones. The two types of predominant pathway associated fault conduit systems, hydrocarbon migration direction dominance and fault section dominant migrating channel, are important to control the oil and gas distribution. Finally, the authors put forward the problems in the research on the faults conduit systems for hydrocarbon migration.