广州市气溶胶质量谱和水溶性成分谱分析

对2006年9月—2007年1月在广州市采集的气溶胶粒子的质量谱和水溶性成分进行分析表明，广州市各测点的气溶胶质量谱基本呈双峰或三峰分布，细粒子浓度占气溶胶总浓度的四成到六成；在气溶胶水溶性离子成分中，浓度最高的阴离子是SO42-和NO3-，浓度最高的阳离子是NH4+和Na+；各离子多呈三峰或是双峰分布，但不同离子的峰值不尽相同；广州市的粉尘污染逐渐减少，而NH4+浓度迅速增大；相对土壤，只有Na+和NH4+富集度比较大，SO42-和K+有一定富集；相对海洋，F-的富集度非常大，其他离子则无明显富集；Cl-被严重耗损；致酸离子以SO42-为主，NO3-作用较弱些；SO42-和NH4+谱分布有很好的相关性，并且在细粒子和巨粒子粒径范围有共同的来源。

ANALYSIS OF THE MASS SPECTRUM AND WATER DISSOLUBLE COMPONENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS OVER GUANGZHOU

The data of spectrum of mass and water dissoluble ion components and OC/EC of aerosol samples collected in Guangzhou from Sept. 2006 to Jan. 2007 has been analyzed. The result shows that the mass spectrum of aerosol over Guangzhou has two or three peaks and the concentration of fine particles in Guangzhou takes up 40%～60% of the total and has a large contribution to air pollution. SO_4~(2-) and NO3- are two major anions and NH_4~+ and Na~+ are two major cations. The spectrum of water dissoluble ion has two or three peaks and the distribution of different ions is different. The dust pollution in Guangzhou has been controlled and NH_4~+ is increasing quickly. Compared to soil, Na~+ and NH_4~+ have obvious enrichment and SO_4~(2-) and K+ have enrichment to a certain extent, but other ions have no obvious enrichment. Compared to the ocean, only F~- has obvious enrichment. Much Cl~- is consumed. SO_4~(2-) is the dominating acidic ion. SO_4~(2-) and NH_4~+ are well correlated and have the same source in the fine and giant particles.