论中国北方农牧交错带的生态环境建设与系统功能整合

在简要分析中国北方农牧交错带形成历史和现状的基础上,提出了北方地区生态环境建设必须从产业结构调整出发、进行系统功能整合的思路：①把人工饲草业-舍饲畜牧业摆在农牧交错带经济发展的优先位置,推行新型畜牧业经营管理模式,促进天然草场改良复壮;②发展"绿色"农林牧产品精细加工业,建立多元化产业结构;③发挥能源和矿产资源优势,合理利用水资源,限制以破坏环境为代价的产业的发展;④推广区域综合治理与生态恢复技术,加大退耕还林还草的力度;⑤山、水、路、农、林、牧统一规划,实现生态系统在景观水平上的整合。

ECO-ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTION AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION OF THE FARMLAND-PASTORAL ECOTONES IN THE NORTHERN PART OF CHINA

Based on an analysis of the history and present status of the farmland-pastoral ecotone in the northern part of China, a new point of view was proposed in this paper for the construction  of eco-environmental systems, namely, the industrial structure has to be modified so as to make  a functional integration between different parts of the whole system: ①To give priority to a combination between cultivated grassland and in-shed feeding of domestic animals, and at the same time, to employ a new model of animal husbandry so that the degradated natural grassland can be recovered; ②To develop a new type of processing industry for agricultural and forestal products so as to  create a pluralistic enterprise structure; ③ To make a better use of water resources by taking advantages of the abundant resources of energy and minerals, and to restrain the expansion of industries of high environmental cost; ④To employ techniques of integration management and restoration ecology, and to speed up the process of woodland and grassland recovery; ⑤To make a thorough plan for arrangements of hills, waters, roads, farmlands, forests and pastures in order to gain an integration at landscape level.