黑龙江、乌苏里江塌岸地质灾害及防治措施

黑龙江、乌苏里江沿岸地区受地理、地质地貌因素的影响，沿岸正遭受江水的侵蚀，塌岸严重，已造成大面积的国土流失.河流侵蚀、冻融作用、人为植被等使沿岸地质环境脆弱化，影响了沿岸地区经济可持续发展，直接威胁人民生命财产安全.治理塌岸，保护国土刻不容缓.本文全面论述了黑龙江、乌苏里江沿岸塌岸的现状、类型、成因及未来发展态势，提出了保护天然植被、护岸工程建设、退耕还林草等防治塌岸的具体措施和对策.

THE BANK CAVING ALONG HEILONGJIANG AND WUSHULIJIANG RIVERS: GEOLOGIC HAZARD AND COUNTERMEASURES

Affected by geographic,geologic and morphologic factors,the banks of Heilongjiang and Wusulijiang Rivers have been suffering erosions from river water.Serious bank caving occurs along the rivers,and a large area of land was washed away.The reasons for the environmental hazards involve river and rainstorm erosions,freezing and melting,as well as human activities.This paper discusses the current situation,types,origins and developing trends of the bank caving,and then puts forwards countermeasures to prevent the geologic hazard by protecting natural vegetation,construction to conserve the banks and restoring grass and forests.