不同海岸地貌背景下的南海周边岸带35年建设用地扩张分析

通过提取1975年与2010年左右南海海岸带建设用地信息,并对南海海岸带区域进行地貌分区,分析了不同类型海岸带35年建设用地扩张空间格局.结果表明:① 华南大陆和马来半岛建设用地扩张普遍快,中南半岛扩张程度中等,苏门答腊岛,加里曼丹岛和菲律宾群岛除马尼拉湾外普遍扩张程度慢.② 不同海岸地貌因自然资源条件,开发难易程度,腹地大小不同,其建设用地扩张程度差异显著.三角洲平原岸和河口平原岸因水运条件好,腹地广,建设用地扩张普遍显著,台地岸和沙坝--潟湖平原岸因适宜建中小型港口,扩张较为显著,海湾平原岸与山地岸则因平原面积小,开发潜力有限,建设用地扩张普遍不大,平直沙堤平原岸因腹地小,水运不发达而扩张甚微.③ 不同类型海岸带开发模式各异.三角洲平原岸和河口平原岸建设用地空间形态多样化,山地岸,台地岸,海湾平原岸以团块状或条带状为主,沙坝--潟湖平原岸以团块状与星状为主,平直沙堤平原岸多呈条带状,线状或点状分布.

Construction land expansion in coastal zone around the South China Sea based on different geomorphologic backgrounds in the past 35 years

Data of coastal construction land around the South China Sea in 2010 and 1975 were extracted and the spatial-temporal characteristics of construction land expansion based on different geomorphologic backgrounds in this period was discussed. Results showed that: (1) In South China Mainland and Malay Peninsula, construction land in coastal zone was generally expanded rapidly; in Indochina, construction land in coastal zone was expanded moderately; in Sumatra, Kalimantan and Philippines, construction land in coastal zone was expanded slowly except Manila Bay. (2) There were significant differences in construction land expansion between different geomorphology types because of natural resources, development difficulty and hinterland area. As there were good conditions of water transport and wide hinterland, construction land in delta plain coast and estuary plain coast expanded rapidly; construction land expansion in mesa coast and barrier - lagoon coast was remarkable due to the suitability for building small or medium-sized ports; construction land expansion in gulf coast and mountain coast was relatively slow because there existed limited development potential; construction land expansion in flat dike coast was even slower because of the limited hinterland and underdeveloped water transport. (3) Development patterns varied according to coastal geomorphologic features. The spatial morphology of construction land was diverse in delta plain coast and estuary plain coast; in mountain coast, mesa coast and gulf plain coast, it presented agglomerating or zonal distribution; in barrier - lagoon coast, it presented agglomerating or star distribution; in flat dyke coast, it presented zonal, linear or point distribution.